Introduction of Inverter Type
Description
An inverter is an electronic device that converts direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC),it has a wide range of applications in many fields, such as solar power generation systems, uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), electric vehicles, etc., can convert the direct current provided by batteries or other DC power supplies into alternating current suitable for use in various electrical equipment, inverters can be classified in different ways, the following are some common classification methods and specific classification:
1.Classified by output waveform
1.1 Square wave inverter
The output AC voltage waveform is a square wave. Its advantage is that the circuit is simple and the cost is low, but because the square wave contains rich high-order harmonics, it will interfere with some equipment that requires high quality of power supply, and the performance is poor when driving inductive load.
1.2 Quasi-sine wave inverter
Also known as a modified sine wave inverter, the output waveform approximates a sine wave,it overcomes some shortcomings of the square wave inverter, the harmonic content is relatively low, can meet the use requirements of most ordinary electrical appliances, the price is relatively moderate, and is widely used in some occasions where the quality requirements of the power supply are not particularly high.
1.3 Sine wave inverter
The output AC voltage waveform is a standard sine wave, which is basically the same as that of the mains,sine wave inverter has the highest power quality, almost can meet the use of all electrical equipment requirements, the minimum interference to the equipment, but the circuit is relatively complex, the cost is high, often used in the power quality requirements of the occasion, such as medical equipment, precision instruments and so on.
2.Classification by power class
2.1 Small power inverter
The general power is below a few hundred watts, which is often used in some small electronic devices, such as laptop computers, mobile phone chargers, etc., to convert car batteries or other DC power supplies to AC to charge or power these devices.
2.2 Medium power inverter
The power is usually between a few hundred watts and a few kilowatts, which can be used for home emergency power supply, small solar power generation systems, etc., to meet the electricity needs of some common appliances, such as TV sets, refrigerators, air conditioners, etc.
2.3 High power inverter
The power is more than a few kilowatts, mainly used in industrial fields, large solar power stations, electric vehicle charging facilities, etc., can provide powerful AC power for large equipment or multiple loads.
3.Classification by use
3.1 Solar inverter
It is specially used in solar power generation systems to convert direct current generated by solar panels into alternating current in order to incorporate electrical energy into the grid or for home, business and other personal use. Solar inverters usually have a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) function, which can improve the power generation efficiency of solar panels.
3.2 Vehicle inverter
It is used in cars, ships and other vehicles to convert the DC power supply (usually battery) of the vehicle to AC, which is convenient for the use of various electrical equipment in the car, such as laptop computers, car refrigerators, mobile phone chargers, etc.
3.3 UPS inverter
As an important part of the uninterruptible power supply (UPS), when the mains power failure, the UPS battery pack direct current into alternating current, to provide continuous power supply for the load equipment, to ensure that the equipment will not be interrupted by power failure, often used in computer rooms, communication base stations, hospitals and other places with high requirements for power supply continuity.
4.Classification by topology
4.1 Single-ended inverter
The circuit structure is relatively simple, mainly composed of a power switch tube and a transformer, suitable for small power occasions. Its advantages are low cost and small size, but the output power and efficiency are relatively limited.
4.2 Push-pull inverter
Two power switching tubes are used to drive the transformer through alternating conduction, which can achieve higher output power and efficiency, and is often used in medium power inverters. However, it has high voltage requirements for the switching tube, and the utilization rate of the transformer is relatively low.
4.3 Full bridge inverter
Using four power switching tubes to form a full-bridge circuit, it can effectively control the output voltage and current, has high power conversion efficiency and good output waveform quality, and is suitable for high-power inverters. However, the circuit of the full-bridge inverter is more complex and the cost is relatively high.
4.4 Half bridge inverter
The half-bridge circuit consists of two power switching tubes and two capacitors, and its structure is between the full bridge type and the push-pull type, which has certain advantages, such as the low voltage requirements of the switching tube, the circuit is relatively simple, etc., which is often used in some medium-power occasions where the cost and volume are required.