What is BMS
BMS is the abbreviation of “Battery Management System”, that is, battery management system, is a system that specializes in managing and monitoring battery packs, and the following is a detailed introduction:
1.Battery status monitoring
It monitors various key parameters of the battery in real-time, such as voltage, current, temperature, etc. By accurately measuring and analyzing these parameters, BMS can accurately understand the working status of the battery, detect abnormal situations in a timely manner, and take corresponding measures. For example, when the battery temperature is too high, the BMS will issue an alarm and take heat dissipation measures to prevent battery overheating and damage.
2.Charging and discharging control
Reasonably controlling the charging and discharging process of batteries is the key to extending battery life and ensuring battery safety. BMS will precisely control the charging and discharging current and voltage based on the battery status and user needs. During the charging process, BMS will ensure that the battery does not overcharge, avoiding safety accidents such as bulging and fire caused by overcharging; During the discharge process, BMS will prevent the battery from overdischarging, protecting the performance and lifespan of the battery.
3.Battery equalization
In a battery pack, due to the varying performance of each individual battery cell, there may be an imbalance in battery capacity after prolonged use. BMS has a battery balancing function, which adjusts the charge and discharge of each battery cell to maintain consistent power levels, thereby improving the overall performance and lifespan of the battery pack.
4.Fault diagnosis and protection
BMS can diagnose faults in the battery system, promptly identify potential faults in the battery, and take corresponding protective measures. For example, when a battery short circuit, open circuit or other fault is detected, the BMS will immediately cut off the connection between the battery and the external circuit to prevent the fault from expanding and ensure the safety of the battery and equipment.
5.Data recording and communication
It will record the historical data of the battery, such as charging and discharging times, working time, temperature changes, etc. These data can provide important basis for battery maintenance and management. In addition, BMS also supports communication with external devices, such as the vehicle control system and the monitoring center of the energy storage system, to achieve real-time data sharing and remote monitoring.
6.Conclusion
It is widely used in fields such as electric vehicles, energy storage systems, and electric bicycles, and is an important component in ensuring the safe and reliable operation of batteries.